外测数据融合准则及最优权值计算方法

航天发射对火箭飞行弹道数据处理的精度要求日益增高，对参与外测融合解算的雷达信息可靠性也提出了较高的要求。为解决航天发射时异常测量数据参与外测融合求解可能会导致火箭弹道精度降低的问题，提出了外测数据融合准则和短时多测元快速遴选方法，可有效识别、剔除异常测量数据，确保同目标高精度测元参与融合解算；并针对不同体制、不等精度的测量数据设计了一种最优权值快速计算方法，该方法综合考虑了测控设备的实际测量精度及布站几何对弹道精度的影响，确保在设定步长内融合权值最优。仿真结果证明该算法简单适用，可确保关键节点测控信息源的准确度，有效提高了发射场火箭弹道参数的处理精度。     

一种基于证据推理的视频运动目标融合检测算法

为了解决复杂场景下传统的运动目标检测问题, 利用证据推理—–谨慎有序加权平均方法(COWA-ER), 提出一种综合使用混合高斯、均值滤波和码本的多方法融合的检测方法. 该融合检测算法以上述3 种检测方法为准则建立一个多准则决策框架, 通过双阈值检测法来表征检测过程中的不确定性, 最终利用COWA-ER 方法进行决策级融合, 实现多种方法的优势互补. 实验表明, 所提出的融合检测算法具有更理想的目标检测效果, 能有效应对诸如阴影及光照突变等问题对检测性能的影响.

     

Multisensor data fusion via Gaussian process models for dimensional and geometric verification

An increasing amount of commercial measurement instruments implementing a wide range of measurement technologies is rapidly becoming available for dimensional and geometric verification. Multiple solutions are often acquired within the shop-floor with the aim of providing alternatives to cover a wider array of measurement needs, thus overcoming the limitations of individual instruments and technologies.In such scenarios, multisensor data fusion aims at going one step further by seeking original and different ways to analyze and combine multiple measurement datasets taken from the same measurand, in order to produce synergistic effects and ultimately obtain overall better measurement results.In this work an original approach to multisensor data fusion is presented, based on the development of Gaussian process models (the technique also known as kriging), starting from point sets acquired from multiple instruments. The approach is illustrated and validated through the application to a simulated test case and two real-life industrial metrology scenarios involving structured light scanners and coordinate measurement machines.The results show that not only the proposed approach allows for obtaining final measurement results whose metrological quality transcends that of the original single-sensor datasets, but also it allows to better characterize metrological performance and potential sources of measurement error originated from within each individual sensor.     

直接熔样正热电离质谱法测定二硼化锆中硼同位素丰度

本工作选择m/z88(23 Na210BO2+)和m/z89(23 Na211BO2+)的Na2BO2+作为检测离子,研究了同位素干扰、涂样技术、ZrB2样品处理等对硼同位素测定的影响,建立了快速准确测定ZrB2中硼同位素丰度的正热电离质谱法。实验复现了硼同位素标准物质的标准值,对酸溶法分解试样后涂样和直接熔融法涂样测量结果的精密度进行了比较。结果表明,采用直接熔融法涂样可以快速准确地测定ZrB2中硼同位素丰度,δ10B同位素丰度测定结果精密度优于0.020%。     

A robust adaptive weighted constant modulus algorithm for blind equalization of wireless communications systems under impulsive noise environment

A robust adaptive weighted constant modulus algorithm is proposed for blind equalization of wireless communication systems under impulsive noise environment. The influence of the impulsive noise is analyzed based on numerical analysis method. Then an adaptive weighted constant modulus algorithm is constructed to adaptively suppress impulsive noise. Theoretical analysis is provided to illustrate that the proposed algorithm has a robust equalization performance since the impulsive noise is adaptively suppressed. Moreover, the proposed algorithm has stable and quick convergence due to avoidance of large misadjuntment and adoption of large step size. Simulation results are presented to show the robust equalization performance and the fast convergence speed of the proposed algorithm under both impulsive noise and Gaussian noise environments.     

Data fusion and transfer learning empowered granular trust evaluation for Internet of Things

In the Internet of Things (IoT), a huge amount of valuable data is generated by various IoT applications. As the IoT technologies become more complex, the attack methods are more diversified and can cause serious damages. Thus, establishing a secure IoT network based on user trust evaluation to defend against security threats and ensure the reliability of data source of collected data have become urgent issues, in this paper, a Data Fusion and transfer learning empowered granular Trust Evaluation mechanism (DFTE) is proposed to address the above challenges. Specifically, to meet the granularity demands of trust evaluation, time–space empowered fine/coarse grained trust evaluation models are built utilizing deep transfer learning algorithms based on data fusion. Moreover, to prevent privacy leakage and task sabotage, a dynamic reward and punishment mechanism is developed to encourage honest users by dynamically adjusting the scale of reward or punishment and accurately evaluating users’ trusts. The extensive experiments show that: (i) the proposed DFTE achieves high accuracy of trust evaluation under different granular demands through efficient data fusion; (ii) DFTE performs excellently in participation rate and data reliability.     

融合约束学习的图像字幕生成方法

目的 图像字幕生成是一个涉及计算机视觉和自然语言处理的热门研究领域，其目的是生成可以准确表达图片内容的句子。在已经提出的方法中，生成的句子存在描述不准确、缺乏连贯性的问题。为此，提出一种基于编码器-解码器框架和生成式对抗网络的融合训练新方法。通过对生成字幕整体和局部分别进行优化，提高生成句子的准确性和连贯性。方法 使用卷积神经网络作为编码器提取图像特征，并将得到的特征和图像对应的真实描述共同作为解码器的输入。使用长短时记忆网络作为解码器进行图像字幕生成。在字幕生成的每个时刻，分别使用真实描述和前一时刻生成的字幕作为下一时刻的输入，同时生成两组字幕。计算使用真实描述生成的字幕和真实描述本身之间的相似性，以及使用前一时刻的输出生成的字幕通过判别器得到的分数。将二者组合成一个新的融合优化函数指导生成器的训练。结果 在CUB-200数据集上，与未使用约束器的方法相比，本文方法在BLEU-4、BLEU-3、BLEI-2、BLEU-1、ROUGE-L和METEOR等6个评价指标上的得分分别提升了0.8%、1.2%、1.6%、0.9%、1.8%和1.0%。在Oxford-102数据集上，与未使用约束器的方法相比，本文方法在CIDEr、BLEU-4、BLEU-3、BLEU-2、BLEU-1、ROUGE-L和METEOR等7个评价指标上的得分分别提升了3.8%、1.5%、1.7%、1.4%、1.5%、0.5%和0.1%。在MSCOCO数据集上，本文方法在BLEU-2和BLEU-3两项评价指标上取得了最优值，分别为50.4%和36.8%。结论 本文方法将图像字幕中单词前后的使用关系纳入考虑范围，并使用约束器对字幕局部信息进行优化，有效解决了之前方法生成的字幕准确度和连贯度不高的问题，可以很好地用于图像理解和图像字幕生成。     

氧化物陶瓷阻氚涂层的研究进展

利用阻氚涂层(TPB)降低结构材料中的氚损失,是聚变堆发展中的热点研究之一。陶瓷具有低氚渗透性、耐腐蚀性、高硬度和高热稳定性等特性,是目前聚变堆阻氚涂层首选材料。相对于硅化物、钛基等非氧化物陶瓷材料,氧化物陶瓷涂层具有熔点高、化学性质稳定、耐腐蚀性和阻氚渗透因子(PRF)高等优势,因此针对氧化物陶瓷阻氚涂层的研究较多。主要综述了单一氧化物陶瓷、复合氧化物陶瓷阻氚涂层近年来的研究现状与发展,如Y2O3、Er2O3、Al2O3等及其复合氧化物陶瓷材料,其中,因Al2O3及其复合物涂层具有优异的阻氚性能,得到了广泛的关注和研究。重点阐述了制备工艺、基体效应和辐照等影响氧化物陶瓷涂层阻氚性能的因素及氚在材料中的渗透机制,并分析了当前阻氚涂层在材料制备以及模拟服役环境等方面存在的不足与今后的研究重点,指出了未来可能的氧化物陶瓷阻氚涂层,以期为阻氚涂层的研究与后续实验提供一定的方向。